De-extinction: Should We Bring Back Extinct Species?

Short summary

New Scientist analyzes the debates around de-extinction prompted by a controversial dire wolf revival claim. The piece explains that de-extinction encompasses several approaches, including true cloning from preserved DNA, using cryopreserved cells, and creating ecological proxies by editing the genome of living relatives to mimic extinct species. It notes that dinosaurs are unlikely to return due to DNA fragmentation, and recounts the 2003 bucardo revival attempt. Examples such as band-tailed pigeons engineered to resemble passenger pigeons illustrate the proxy strategy. The video argues that revived organisms may serve ecological roles rather than be exact copies, raising ethical questions about animal welfare and whether resources should target living species and intact ecosystems.

Introduction

De-extinction sits at the intersection of genetics, conservation, and ethics. This piece clarifies what de-extinction entails and why real Jurassic Park is a misconception.

What de-extinction means

The field comprises multiple paths, from true cloning using preserved DNA to modifying a living species to act like an extinct one, and creating ecological proxies that fill the same ecological roles without being exact replicas.

The science and limits

True de-extinction would require high quality DNA and a compatible host, which is why dinosaurs are regarded as impossible to resurrect. A real example is the bucardo, born from cryopreserved cells in 2003 but dying shortly after due to lung issues common in cloning. Many efforts rely on DNA fragments found in bones or teeth, or permafrost preserved material, yet exact recreation remains improbable for long extinct lineages.

Ecological and ethical considerations

Advocates argue revival can restore ecological roles, while critics warn it diverts funds from protecting living species and habitats. Proxies like band-tailed pigeons engineered to behave like passenger pigeons illustrate how the revival ideal may instead offer a functional substitute. The video underscores that welfare, ecosystem compatibility, and governance questions must guide any de-extinction project.

Conclusion

Whether to pursue de-extinction depends on clear conservation benefits, feasibility, and a careful assessment of risks and responsibilities.